参考文献

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from a clinically diagnosed 64-year old male Parkinson's disease (PD) patient with N551K variant in the LRRK2 gene. The PMBCs were reprogrammed with the human OSKM transcription factors using the Sendai-virus reprogramming system. The transgene-free iPSC showed pluripotency confirmed by immunofluorescent staining for pluripotency markers and differentiated into the 3 germ layers in vivo. The iPSC line also showed normal karyotype. This cellular model can complement in vivo PD models for pathophysiological studies and drug screening. View Publication

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from a clinically diagnosed 72-year old female Parkinson's disease (PD) patient with R1398H variant in the LRRK2 gene. The PMBCs were reprogrammed with the human OSKM transcription factors using the Sendai-virus reprogramming system. The transgene-free iPSC showed pluripotency confirmed by immunofluorescent staining for pluripotency markers and differentiated into the 3 germ layers in vivo. The iPSC line also showed normal karyotype. This cellular model provides a good platform for studying the mechanism of PD,and also for drug testing and gene therapy studies. View Publication

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from a clinically diagnosed 59-year old male Parkinson's disease (PD) patient with R1628P variant in the LRRK2 gene. The PMBCs were reprogrammed with the human OSKM transcription factors using the Sendai-virus reprogramming system. The transgene-free iPSC showed pluripotency confirmed by immunofluorescent staining for pluripotency markers and differentiated into the 3 germ layers in vivo. The iPSC line also showed normal karyotype. This cellular model will provide a good resource for further pathophysiological studies of PD. View Publication

Human fibroblast cells collected from a 3-year old,female Rett Syndrome patient with a 32bp deletion in the X-linked MECP2 gene were obtained from the Coriell Institute. Fibroblasts were reprogrammed to iPSC cells using a Sendai-virus delivery system expressing human KOSM transcription factors. Cell-line pluripotency was demonstrated by gene expression,immunocytochemistry,in-vitro differentiation trilineage capacity and was of normal karyotype. Interestingly,subsequent clones retained the epigenetic memory of the parent fibroblasts allowing for the segregation of wild-type and mutant expressing clones. This MECP2 mutant expressing clone may serve as a model for investigating MECP2 reactivation in Rett's Syndrome. View Publication

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is an autosomal-dominant connective tissue disorder,commonly caused by genetic mutation of transforming growth factor-beta receptor (TGFBR)-1 or TGFBR2. This study describes the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from an LDS patient with TGFBR2 mutation (R193W). Analysis confirmed the cells had a normal karyotype,expressed typical pluripotency markers,had the ability to differentiate into all three germ layers in vivo,and retained the TGFBR2 mutation from the derived hiPSCs. This iPSC line represents a potentially useful tool for investigating LDS disease mechanisms. View Publication

In the field of hematopoietic regeneration,deriving hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from pluripotent stem cells with engraftment potential is the central mission. Unstable hematopoietic differentiation protocol due to variation factors such as serums and feeder cells,remains a major technical issue impeding the screening of key factors for the derivation of HSCs. In combination with hematopoietic cytokines,UM171 has the capacity to facilitate the maintenance and expansion of human primary HSCs in vitro. Here,using a serum-free,feeder-free,and chemically defined induction protocol,we observed that UM171 enhanced hematopoietic derivation through the entire process of hematopoietic induction in vitro. UM171 facilitated generation of robust CD34(+)CD45(+) derivatives that formed more and larger sized CFU-GM as well as larger sized CFU-Mix. In our protocol,the derived hematopoietic progenitors failed to engraft in NOG mice,indicating the absence of long-term HSC from these progenitors. In combination with other factors and protocols,UM171 might be broadly used for hematopoietic derivation from human pluripotent stem cells in vitro. View Publication

Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exist in naive and primed states and provide important models to investigate the earliest stages of human development. Naive cells can be obtained through primed-to-naive resetting,but there are no reliable methods to prospectively isolate unmodified naive cells during this process. Here we report comprehensive profiling of cell surface proteins by flow cytometry in naive and primed human PSCs. Several naive-specific,but not primed-specific,proteins were also expressed by pluripotent cells in the human preimplantation embryo. The upregulation of naive-specific cell surface proteins during primed-to-naive resetting enabled the isolation and characterization of live naive cells and intermediate cell populations. This analysis revealed distinct transcriptional and X chromosome inactivation changes associated with the early and late stages of naive cell formation. Thus,identification of state-specific proteins provides a robust set of molecular markers to define the human PSC state and allows new insights into the molecular events leading to naive cell resetting. View Publication

The developmental pathway for human megakaryocytes remains unclear and the definition of pure unipotent megakaryocyte progenitor is still controversial. Using single-cell transcriptome analysis,we have identified a cluster of cells within immature hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations that specifically express genes related to the megakaryocyte lineage. We used CD41 as a positive marker to identify these cells within the CD34(+)CD38(+)IL-3Rα(dim)CD45RA(-) common myeloid progenitor (CMP) population. These cells lacked erythroid and granulocyte/macrophage potential,but exhibited robust differentiation into the megakaryocyte lineage at a high frequency,both in vivo and in vitro The efficiency and expansion potential of these cells exceeded those of conventional bipotent megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitors. Accordingly,the CD41(+) CMP was defined as a unipotent megakaryocyte progenitor (MegP) that is likely to represent the major pathway for human megakaryopoiesis,independent of canonical megakaryocyte-erythroid lineage bifurcation. In the bone marrow of patients with essential thrombocythemia,the MegP population was significantly expanded in the context of a high burden of Janus kinase 2 mutations. Thus,the prospectively isolatable and functionally homogeneous human MegP will be useful for the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying normal and malignant human hematopoiesis. View Publication

Brain-derived microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs),which play a central role in blood brain barrier (BBB),can be used for the evaluation of drug transport into the brain. Although human BMEC cell lines have already been reported,they lack original properties such as barrier integrity. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be used for various applications such as regenerative therapy,drug screening,and pathological study. In the recent study,an induction method of BMECs from PSCs has been established,making it possible to more precisely study the in vitro human BBB function. Here,using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived BMECs,we examined the effects of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and OGD/reoxygenation (OGD/R) on BBB permeability. OGD disrupted the barrier function,and the dysfunction was rapidly restored by re-supply of the oxygen and glucose. Interestingly,TNF-α,which is known to be secreted from astrocytes and microglia in the cerebral ischemia,prevented the restoration of OGD-induced barrier dysfunction in an apoptosis-independent manner. Thus,we could establish the in vitro BBB disease model that mimics the cerebral ischemia by using iPS cell-derived BMECs. View Publication

A fast track Hot Start" process was implemented to launch the European Bank for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (EBiSC) to provide early release of a range of established control and disease linked human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines. Established practice amongst consortium members was surveyed to arrive at harmonised and publically accessible Standard Operations Procedures (SOPs) for tissue procurement View Publication